Chancellor of Justice
Wikimedia disambiguation page
The Chancellor of Justice is a government official found in some northern European countries, broadly responsible for supervising the lawfulness of government actions.
History
In 1713, the Swedish King Charles XII, preoccupied with fighting the Great Northern War, was residing in Bendery and had not set foot in Sweden in over a decade. In order to re-establish the domestic administration, which had fallen into disarray, he instituted the office of His Majesty's Supreme Ombudsman, which soon became the Chancellor of Justice. The office commenced operation on October 23, 1714, and the role of the official was to ensure that judges and public officials acted in accordance with the laws, proficiently discharged their tasks, and if not he could initiate legal proceedings for dereliction of duty. This was the origin of the ombudsman institution in Sweden.
The current name was adopted in 1719, by the Instrument of Government of the same year. The Chancellor acted only on behalf of the royal government. In the Instrument of Government of 1809, a counterpart to act on the behalf of Parliament was instituted as the Parliamentary Ombudsman.
Duties
The duties of the Chancellor of Justice may include to:
be the Government's counsellor in legal matters;
be the State's representative in trials and other legal disputes;
receive complaints and claims for damages made against the State and decide on financial compensation for such damages;
act as ombudsman in the supervision of the authorities and the civil servants, and to take action in cases of abuse;
ensure that the limits of the freedom of the press and other media are not transgressed and to act as the only public prosecutor in cases regarding offences against the freedom of the press and other media;
act as the guardian for the protection of privacy.
Sweden
In Sweden, the Chancellor of Justice (Swedish: Justitiekanslern) is a government official charged with representing the Swedish government in various legal matters as the government's ombudsman.
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