Conservation of Foreign Exchange and Prevention of Smuggling Activities Act, 1974
Act of the Parliament of India, repeals and replaces Maintenance of Internal Security (Amendment) Ordinance, 1974 as a separate Act
The Conservation of Foreign Exchange and Prevention of Smuggling Activities Act, 1974 (COFEPOSA) is an act of parliament passed in 1974 during the administration of Indira Gandhi, trying to retain foreign currency and prevent smuggling. It was an economic adjunct to the controversial Maintenance of Internal Security Act (MISA) which was enacted in 1971. Though MISA was repealed in 1978, COFEPOSA is still in force. COFEPOSA Act 1974 prescribes that the appropriate government shall establish advisory boards to assist the government on matters related to the detention of persons and prepare reports regarding the same. According to this section, the appropriate Government shall form an advisory board to perform the functions mentioned in clauses (4)(a) and (7)(c) of Article 22.
References
"Economic laws primer". Archived from the original on 22 March 2012. Retrieved 30 March 2012.
Begin with the source’s own compact description: “Conservation of Foreign Exchange and Prevention of Smuggling Activities Act, 1974” is act of the Parliament of India, repeals and replaces Maintenance of Internal Security (Amendment) Ordinance, 1974 as a separate Act. The dossier treats that line as a proposition to test through Conservation, Foreign and Exchange, not as a finished interpretation.
Why this record matters
The phrase “act of the Parliament of India, repeals and replaces Maintenance of Internal Security (Amendment) Ordinance, 1974 as a separate Act” supplies a clear boundary for inquiry. It also exposes the unanswered questions: who defined that boundary, when it became stable and which sources sit outside it.
Contemporary correspondence, administrative files and participant testimony can test how later narratives organized the event or institution. The source revision retrieved here is dated Aug 31, 2026. The linked authority identifier is Q5013286. None of the 0 selected statements returned an explicit reference. The first chronological checks are 1974, 1971, 1978 and 2012.
Institutional narratives can privilege the records that survived while minimizing voices that were never formally collected. The lead is largely declarative, so disagreement and counter-evidence require a deliberate search beyond the opening account. Authority statements aid reconciliation but still require their own references, qualifiers and ranks to be checked.
How to read it
Compare institutional narratives with records created by participants and affected communities. Dates and formal titles are useful anchors, but not substitutes for context.
- Event chronology
- Institutional context
- Locating named record creators
Contemporary correspondence, government or organizational records, oral histories and cited historical scholarship.
Three-step research path
- Establish the record: confirm the title “Conservation of Foreign Exchange and Prevention of Smuggling Activities Act, 1974”, its source revision and the description used here.
- Expand the search: follow Conservation of Foreign Exchange and Prevention of Smuggling Activities Act, 1974 primary sources, Conservation of Foreign Exchange and Prevention of Smuggling Activities Act, 1974 archive and Conservation research across catalogues and specialist indexes.
- Test the account: compare the strongest cited source with the responsible institution’s current record and note any disagreement.
Questions for further research
- Which source most directly establishes the central claim about “Conservation of Foreign Exchange and Prevention of Smuggling Activities Act, 1974”?
- Which voices are present, absent or mediated by the institution?
- Who created the surviving record, and for what administrative purpose?
Search terms from this dossier
This entry incorporates text from “Conservation of Foreign Exchange and Prevention of Smuggling Activities Act, 1974” on English Wikipedia. Contributors are listed in the page history. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Selected authority identifiers and statements are retrieved from Wikidata under CC0; their references and qualifiers remain part of the verification path.