Biligtü Khan Ayushiridara
Northern Yuan dynasty Emperor
Biligtü Khan (Mongolian: Билэгт Хаан; ᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭᠲᠦ; Chinese: 必里克圖汗), born Ayushiridara (Mongolian: Аюуши Ридара; ᠠᠶᠣᠰᠢᠷᠢᠳᠠᠷᠠ; Chinese: 愛猷識理達臘; Sanskrit: आयुष्य तल् means preservative of life), also known by his temple name as the Emperor Zhaozong of Northern Yuan (Chinese: 北元昭宗; 23 January 1340 – April or May 1378), was an emperor of the Northern Yuan dynasty, reigning from 1370 to 1378. He ascended to the throne after the death of his father Toghon Temür (Emperor Shun). In 1372, he defeated an invading Ming dynasty army and recaptured some regions that were previously lost to the newly founded Ming dynasty.
Early life
Ayushiridara was born in 1340 the eldest son of Toghon Temür (Emperor Shun of Yuan) and Lady Gi, who came from a lower-ranked Goryeo aristocratic family who would eventually be highly influential during her husband's reign. He was given his earliest tuition in Chinese at the house of his father's minister, Toqto'a, at age ten. Toghon Temür's principal empress, Danashiri, bore only one son who died in infancy. The Mongol noyans mostly preferred another Borjigin (Mongol noble) heir, rather than Ayushiridara, as his mother was a former palace maid and tea server. Only after the purge of Danashiri's family and the death of Bayan, were he and his mother accepted at the Yuan court. Induced by his Korean empress, Lady Gi, the Yuan emperor Toghon Temür scheduled to elect his heir apparent in 1353. However, Toqto'a delayed the schedule for unknown reasons.
Begin with the source’s own compact description: “Biligtü Khan Ayushiridara” is northern Yuan dynasty Emperor. The dossier treats that line as a proposition to test through Biligtü, Khan and Ayushiridara, not as a finished interpretation.
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The phrase “northern Yuan dynasty Emperor” supplies a clear boundary for inquiry. It also exposes the unanswered questions: who defined that boundary, when it became stable and which sources sit outside it.
The record creator and administrative purpose are central evidence, because official documentation reflects both action and institutional priorities. The source revision retrieved here is dated Jul 23, 2026. The linked authority identifier is Q8916. VIAF identifies the subject as 315534335. The Library of Congress control number is no2015046422. 4 of 5 selected statements include explicit references; 1 carry qualifiers and 0 use preferred rank. The first chronological checks are 1340, 1378, 1370 and 1372.
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This entry incorporates text from “Biligtü Khan Ayushiridara” on English Wikipedia. Contributors are listed in the page history. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Selected authority identifiers and statements are retrieved from Wikidata under CC0; their references and qualifiers remain part of the verification path.