Bely Gorod
human settlement in Russia
Bely Gorod (Russian: Бе́лый го́род, IPA: [ˈbʲelɨj ˈɡorət], lit. 'white city') is the central core area of Moscow, Russia beyond the Kremlin and Kitay-gorod.
The name comes from the color of its defensive wall, which was erected in 1585–1593 at the behest of tsar Feodor I and Boris Godunov by architect Fyodor Kon. The wall is 10 kilometers (6.2 mi) in length, and its width ranges up to 4.5 meters (15 ft) at its widest.
Bely Gorod had 28 towers and 11 gates, the names of some of which are still preserved in the names of squares, namely: Trehsvyatsky, Chertolsky (Prechistensky), Arbatsky, Nikitsky, Tversky, Petrovsky, Sretensky, Myasnitsky, Pokrovsky, Yauzskiy, Vasilievsky. The walls were cogged, like the Kremlin walls, with loopholes that allowed keeping a continuous fire.
During the reign of Catherine the Great and her grandson Alexander I the wall was demolished and replaced by a chain of boulevards, known as the Boulevard Ring.
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Named sources, stable identifiers and responsible institutions provide the strongest route from overview to verifiable evidence. The source revision retrieved here is dated Oct 28, 2025. The linked authority identifier is Q520193. Authority coordinates are 55.751, 37.628. 1 of 1 selected statements include explicit references; 0 carry qualifiers and 0 use preferred rank. The first chronological checks are 1585 and 1593.
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This entry incorporates text from “Bely Gorod” on English Wikipedia. Contributors are listed in the page history. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Selected authority identifiers and statements are retrieved from Wikidata under CC0; their references and qualifiers remain part of the verification path.