Battle of Baugé
1421 battle during the Hundred Years' War
The Battle of Baugé, fought between the English and a Franco-Scots army on 22 March 1421 at Baugé, France, east of Angers, was a major defeat for the English in the Hundred Years' War. The Franco-Scots, 5,000 strong, were led by both John Stewart, Earl of Buchan, and Gilbert Motier de La Fayette, the Marshal of France, while the 4,000 strong English army (of which only 1,500 were deployed) was led by the king's brother Thomas, Duke of Clarence, who was killed in the action.
Background
In 1415 Henry V, with the intention of resuming the war, sailed from England to France with a force of about 10,500. He then pursued a highly successful military campaign, including the decisive victory at the Battle of Agincourt. Thus he regained from the French crown much of England's previously held lands in France, and got the upper hand in French politics, so much so that the 1420 Treaty of Troyes would make him the next king of France.
In 1419 France was in a state of an ongoing civil war between the Royalist faction and the supporters of the dukes of Burgundy.
The situation for the former was desperate, having lost Normandy to the English and Paris to the Burgundians.
In these deteriorating circumstances Charles VII, the Dauphin at the time, appealed to the Scots for help, as the Scots had been in an alliance with France since 1295.. A Scottish army was assembled under the leadership of John, Earl of Buchan, and Archibald, Earl of Wigtown, and from late 1419 to 1421 the Scottish army became the mainstay of the Dauphin's defence of the lower Loire valley.
When Henry returned to England in 1421, he left his trusted brother and heir presumptive, Thomas, Duke of Clarence, in charge of the remaining army.
Begin with the source’s own compact description: “Battle of Baugé” is 1421 battle during the Hundred Years' War. The dossier treats that line as a proposition to test through Battle, Baugé and battle, not as a finished interpretation.
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Contemporary correspondence, administrative files and participant testimony can test how later narratives organized the event or institution. The source revision retrieved here is dated Aug 21, 2026. The linked authority identifier is Q1785755. Authority coordinates are 47.541, -0.105. None of the 2 selected statements returned an explicit reference. The first chronological checks are 1421, 1415, 1420 and 1419.
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This entry incorporates text from “Battle of Baugé” on English Wikipedia. Contributors are listed in the page history. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Selected authority identifiers and statements are retrieved from Wikidata under CC0; their references and qualifiers remain part of the verification path.