Apolipoprotein B
protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Apolipoprotein B (ApoB) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the APOB gene. Its measurement is commonly used to detect the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
Isoforms
The protein occurs in the plasma in two main isoforms, ApoB48 and ApoB100. The first is synthesized exclusively by the small intestine, the second by the liver. ApoB-100 is the largest of the apoB group of proteins, consisting of 4563 amino acids, including a 27-amino acid signal peptide and a 4536-amino acid mature protein. Both isoforms are coded by APOB and by a single mRNA transcript larger than 16 kb. ApoB48 is generated when a stop codon (UAA) at residue 2153 is created by RNA editing. There appears to be a trans-acting tissue-specific splicing gene that determines which isoform is ultimately produced. Alternatively, there is some evidence that a cis-acting element several thousand bp upstream determines which isoform is produced.
As a result of the RNA editing, ApoB48 and ApoB100 share a common N-terminal sequence, but ApoB48 lacks ApoB100's C-terminal LDL receptor binding region.
The public source identifies “Apolipoprotein B” as protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens. This brief keeps that definition visible, then builds a research path around Apolipoprotein, protein-coding and gene.
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Datasets, specimens, observations and peer-reviewed methods provide the appropriate test for the technical claims summarized here. The source revision retrieved here is dated Sep 5, 2026. The linked authority identifier is Q14890615. None of the 0 selected statements returned an explicit reference.
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This entry incorporates text from “Apolipoprotein B” on English Wikipedia. Contributors are listed in the page history. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Selected authority identifiers and statements are retrieved from Wikidata under CC0; their references and qualifiers remain part of the verification path.