Al-Urwah al-Wuthqa

Al-Urwah al-Wuthqa (Arabic: العروة الوثقى, romanized: al-ʿurwa al-wuthqā, lit. 'The Firmest Bond') was an Islamic revolutionary journal founded by Muhammad Abduh and Jamāl al-Dīn al-Afghānī. Despite only running from 13 March 1884 to October 1884, it was one of the first and most important publications of the Nahda. The journal targeted people across the Islamic ummah, calling upon them to unite. Its firm stance against European colonialism caused British authorities to ban it in Egypt and India. Al-Urwah al-Wuthqa is an Arabic term with religious significance, appearing twice in the Quran.

History and profile

The journal was founded in a room in Paris in 1884, and the first edition was published on March 13 of that year (corresponding with 15 Jumādā al-Ūlā, 1301). Ibrāhīm al-Muwayliḥī and his son Muhammad al-Muwaylihi, both in exile from the Ottoman Empire, helped with its publication.

The Imam Muhammad Abduh summarized the main goals of the magazine in a speech he sent to his friend, the English poet Wilfrid Scawen Blunt: protecting the independence of Eastern peoples from the aggression of Western countries, and to pressure the English government into stopping its policies that harm Muslims.

Also among the goals of the magazine, as can be ascertained from its editorial line: a call to unite and stand in solidarity, and to embrace the Nahda, and to liberate Egypt and Sudan from British colonialism.

Censorship

Al-Urwah al-Wuthqa was banned by British authorities in Egypt and India, and an elaborate network including Arab businessmen in Bombay disseminated copies throughout the Arab world.