Al-Ghamr ibn Yazid
umayyad prince and Army officer
Al-Ghamr ibn Yazid ibn Abd al-Malik (Arabic: الغمر بن يزيد, romanized: al-Ghamr ibn Yazīd; fl. 743 – c. 750) was an Umayyad prince and commander. He led the last Umayyad campaign against the Byzantine Empire in 743.
Family
Al-Ghamr was the son of the Umayyad caliph Yazid II (r. 720–724). He owned extensive estates around Harran and resided in the desert castles of al-Muwaqqar, Qasr Kharana and Dhu Khushub in the Balqa (Transjordan). He was a younger brother of Caliph al-Walid II (r. 743–744), with whom he had good relations. Anecdotes recorded in the 10th-century Kitab al-aghani, have al-Ghamr and al-Walid spending time imbibing wine and being entertained by singers at the monastery of Deir Murran at the foot Mount Qasioun near Damascus. Al-Ghamr introduced to al-Walid the poet Muti ibn Iyas and secured the caliph's favor with another poet, Malik ibn Abi Samh. Later, both al-Ghamr and al-Walid carried the bier of the famous singer Ma'bad ibn Wahb during his funeral at the palace of Khirbat al-Mafjar in the Jordan Valley.
Raids against the Byzantines
Al-Ghamr served as a commander in one of the largest campaigns undertaken against the Byzantines during the reign of his uncle, Caliph Hisham (r. 724–743). The overall head of the campaign, al-Ghamr's cousin Sulayman ibn Hisham, dispatched him with 10,000 horsemen to ambush Byzantine forces in western Anatolia, while the governor of Malatya, Malik ibn Shu'ayb, and the commander Abdallah al-Battal, led separate forces, reaching as far as Akroinon.
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