4th Texas Infantry Regiment
military unit
The 4th Texas Infantry Regiment was a unit of Confederate States Army infantry volunteers that was created in 1861 and fought in the Army of Northern Virginia during the American Civil War. As part of the famous Texas Brigade, the regiment fought at Eltham's Landing, Seven Pines, Gaines's Mill, Second Bull Run, South Mountain, Antietam, and Fredericksburg in 1862. It fought at Suffolk, Gettysburg, Chickamauga and Wauhatchie in 1863 and the Wilderness, Spotsylvania, Cold Harbor, and the Siege of Petersburg in 1864. The regiment surrendered to Federal forces on 9 April 1865 after the Battle of Appomattox Court House.
History
Formation
In 1861, Governor Edward Clark set up a camp of instruction along the San Marcos River in Hays County. The first units that later became the 4th Texas Infantry enlisted there in April. At first, the term of enlistment was one year, but after the Battle of Fort Sumter on 12 April, the state authorities insisted that units must serve for the duration of the war. In July, 20 infantry companies marched to Harrisburg before being sent to Virginia. On 30 September 1861, a total of 1,187 men in ten companies were organized into the 4th Texas Infantry Regiment (see table below). In a departure from tradition, the soldiers were not allowed to elect their field officers.
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