2024–2025 French political crisis
political crisis following the fall of the Attal government
France entered a period of political instability and crisis, unprecedented in the Fifth Republic, after the 2024 French legislative election called by President Emmanuel Macron in June 2024. The election resulted in a hung parliament split into three opposed blocs, each unable to command a majority: the left-wing New Popular Front alliance (180 out of 577 seats), Macron's centrist Ensemble alliance (159 seats), and the far-right National Rally (142 seats). This three-way split, as well as a French political culture averse to coalition government and compromise, resulted in Macron appointing four minority governments, headed by Michel Barnier, François Bayrou, and Sébastien Lecornu respectively. Barnier and Bayrou's governments both collapsed over budgetary disputes, and Lecornu resigned after less than a day, before being reappointed.
Background
The 2024 European Parliament election in France saw the RN arrive in first place with thirty seats out of a total of 80. In response, Macron dissolved the National Assembly and called a snap legislative election for 30 June and 7 July. The legislative election resulted in a hung parliament, with the left-wing coalition New Popular Front (NFP) leading a plurality of 193 MPs, above Macron's Renaissance in second place with 166 MPs, followed by the RN in third place with 142. The government of Gabriel Attal submitted its resignation on 15 July 2024. At the same time, it was engaged in trying to handle the 2024 New Caledonia unrest, following Renaissance's attempt to implement a controversial reform of voting rights on the island in May 2024.
Events
Barnier government
Macron delayed the appointment of a new prime minister until after the 2024 Summer Olympics, announcing that an "Olympic truce" should be respected, which was already a singular choice in French politics.
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