1822 Martinique–Venezuela hurricane
off-season Atlantic hurricane
The 1822 Martinique–Venezuela hurricane was an unprecedented and deadly Atlantic hurricane that struck the Lesser Antilles and Venezuela in December. It's the 2nd deadliest hurricane to affect South America, and one of the deadliest to occur during the off-season. It also holds the record for the latest landfall of a tropical cyclone in the Western Hemisphere, along with many other meteorological records for the month of December.
The storm likely originated from an extratropical low in the open Atlantic sometime during mid-December. It then passed Lesser Antilles as a hurricane before striking modern day Venezuela soon thereafter. While two other hurricanes – one in 1541 and another in 1954 – formed later in their respective seasons, their landfalls occurred in January of the following year.
Unofficially, it's the latest tropical cyclone of hurricane intensity to make a landfall within the Western Hemisphere by nearly a month. It also had one of the southernmost landfalls for a hurricane, second to at least the 1933 Trinidad hurricane. Only 5 other hurricanes (1847, 1877, 1892, 1933, and 2004) have struck South America since the beginning of the 19th century.
Meteorological history
The hurricane of unknown origins was first documented nearing the Lesser Antilles on December 13th after winds began increasing on several islands.
Begin with the source’s own compact description: “1822 Martinique–Venezuela hurricane” is off-season Atlantic hurricane. The dossier treats that line as a proposition to test through Martinique, Venezuela and hurricane, not as a finished interpretation.
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Named sources, stable identifiers and responsible institutions provide the strongest route from overview to verifiable evidence. The source revision retrieved here is dated Sep 14, 2026. The linked authority identifier is Q131562017. None of the 0 selected statements returned an explicit reference. The first chronological checks are 1822, 1541, 1954 and 1933.
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This entry incorporates text from “1822 Martinique–Venezuela hurricane” on English Wikipedia. Contributors are listed in the page history. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Selected authority identifiers and statements are retrieved from Wikidata under CC0; their references and qualifiers remain part of the verification path.